This study aims to articulate the contextual awareness and implementation of machine translation in translation of literary text through the analysis of short stories. Utilization of machine translation in literary translation poses difficulties, especially in genres that pose challenges for machine translation, involves difficulties such as distinguishing the speaker‘s voice, recognizing dialogue situations, and translating parts omitted in discourse. For this study, three short stories were selected on the criteria of rapid plot development, frequent changes in narrative voice, and containing instances of omission or ellipsis. This study examines the contextual awareness manifested in the changes in the translated text by comparing the short stories’ source texts, human translations and machine translations. The comparison focuses on how such contextual awareness presents in syntactic variations in translating between Korean-Spanish and Korean-Japanese language pairs. This study serves as an attempt to broaden the scope of machine translation research by delving into the implementation of contextual awareness in machine translation across syntactically diverse yet similar in terms of discourse grammar, language pairs.